Molecular Diagnostics¶
Overview: This section covers the molecular diagnostic technologies behind avian DNA testing — the scientific principles of PCR and qPCR, sample preparation from feathers, primer design, and the quality control framework that makes results reliable and defensible.
Core Articles¶
PCR-Based Avian DNA Testing
The scientific principles: DNA extraction, primer design, amplification, detection, interpretation, and quality control.
qPCR in Avian Disease Detection
Ct values, sensitivity, specificity, LOD, internal controls, and validation of quantitative pathogen assays.
DNA Extraction from Feathers
Feather sampling, extraction methods, yield and purity targets, and troubleshooting inhibitors like melanin.
Key Concepts¶
| Concept | Summary |
|---|---|
| PCR | Exponential amplification: \(N = N_0 \times 2^n\) |
| qPCR / Ct | Real-time quantification; Ct inversely proportional to template amount |
| LOD | Lowest copy number detected in ≥95% of replicates |
| Internal control | Co-amplified gene validating sample DNA adequacy |
| Melanin inhibition | Main avian-specific PCR inhibitor — dilute or remove |
Related Sections¶
- Avian Genetics — the CHD gene and sex testing applications
- Avian Disease Research — pathogen detection assays
- Laboratory Methods — sample handling and troubleshooting